KINDERGARTEN
(Minimum Standards)

Reading

K.1.01 Develop oral language.

1. Show evidence of expanding oral language through vocabulary growth.
2. Speak clearly, properly, and politely.
3. Begin to use rules for conversation (e.g., raise hands, take turns and focus attention on speaker).
4. Give simple, two-step oral directions.
5. Participate in-group discussion.
6. Participate in creative responses to text (e.g., response, discussion and dramatization).
7. Ask and respond to questions from teacher and other group members.
8. Begin to retell familiar stories.
9. Dramatize, retell, and dictate what has been learned.
10. Use familiar texts for recitations.

K.1.02 Develop listening skills.

1. Listen attentively to speaker for specific information.
2. Use appropriate listening skills (e.g., do not interrupt, face speaker, ask questions).
3. Listen and respond to a variety of media (e.g., books, audio tapes, videos).
4. Recognize the difference between formal and informal languages.
5. Follow simple, two step oral directions.

K.1.03 Demonstrate knowledge of concepts of print.

1. Identify labels, logos, and signs in the environment (e.g., job instructions, room labels, poison and danger signs/labels).
2. Understand that print has meaning.
3. "Pretend read" from left to right, top to bottom, and front to back as well as hold a book upright and turn pages.
4. Read and explain own writings and drawings.
5. Identify front cover and back cover of a book.
6. Distinguish letters from words.

 K.1.04 Develop and maintain phonemic awareness.

1. Understand that a phoneme is one distinct sound.
2. Use sound stretching of one-syllable words to identify each phoneme (cat, /c/, /a/, /t/).
3. Use sound blending of each separately spoken phoneme to make meaningful word (/m/, /o/, /m/ to mom).
4. Segment one-syllable words into individual sounds and blend the sounds into whole words.
5. Recognize and produce rhyming words.
6. Recognize words that have same beginning and ending sounds.
7. Understand words are made up of one or more syllables (e.g., students clap syllables in words).

K.1.05 Develop and use decoding strategies.

1. Recognize and name all upper and lowercase letters of the alphabet.
2. Begin to understand that the sequence of letters in a written word represents the sequence of sounds in a spoken word.
3. Use letter-sound matches to decode simple words.
4. Understand that as letters of words change, so do the sounds (alphabetic principle).

K.1.06 Read to develop fluency, expression, accuracy and confidence.

1. Read simple text containing familiar letter-sound correspondences and high frequency words.
2. Recognize that intonation and volume of voice assist with meaning.
3. Read as "an emergent reader" a favorite story with fluent intonation and phrasing.

K.1.07 Develop and extend reading vocabulary.

1. Build vocabulary by listening to literature and participating in discussions.
2. Build vocabulary by experiencing a wide range of text types.
3. Participate in shared reading.
4. Begin to use word families and word walls.
5. Read some words by sight (e.g., the, has, an, can, run and color and number words).
6. Use a picture dictionary to determine word meaning.

K.1.08 Develop and use pre-reading strategies.

1. Recognize a purpose for listening.
2. Relate background knowledge to make meaning from text.
3. Make predictions about text.
4. Use illustrations to preview the text.
5. Participate in the creation of graphic organizers (e.g., KWL, charts).
6. Connect to life experience the information and events in texts.

K.1.09 Use active comprehension strategies to derive meaning while reading and check for understanding after reading.

a. Derive meaning while reading by

1. asking questions about a text.
2. participating in discussions about text.
3. predicting what will happen next as a story is shared.
4. creating mental images of the story (e.g., characters, setting).

b. Check for understanding after reading by

1. recalling two to three step sequences of events.
2. retelling story in own words.
3. drawing conclusions based on evidence in the story
4. using pictures to discuss main idea.

K.1.10 Introduce informational skills to facilitate learning.

1. Recognize the family and community as resources for information.
2. Recognize a variety of print sources (e.g., books, newspapers, magazines, and charts).
3. Recognize sources of information (e.g., books, graphs and computers).

K.1.11 Develop skills to facilitate reading to learn in a variety of content areas.

1. Recognize that printed materials provide information.
2. Use common illustrations to gain meaning from text.

K.1.12 Read independently for a variety of purposes. (At this level, the student will experience a variety of text/media for different purposes.)

1. Read to gain information (e.g., pictures, videos, picture books).
2. Read for enjoyment (e.g., book on tape, posters, pictures, videos, picture books).
3. Read to expand vocabulary (e.g., books on tape, photographs, posters).

K.1.13 Begin to experience various literary and media genres.

1. Explore picture books.
2. Explore alphabet and number books.
3. Explore Mother Goose Rhymes and other rhyming books.
4. Explore storybooks.
5. Explore fairy tales.
6. Explore poetry.
7. Explore lyrics to songs.
8. View various media genres (e.g., posters, pictures, photographs, films, videos).
9. Sequence events in a story (e.g., using books, videos, films).

K.1.14 Develop and maintain a motivation to read.

1. Visit libraries and regularly check out materials.
2. Share storybooks, poems and environmental print.
3. Identify favorite stories.

Writing

K.2.01 Use a variety of pre-writing strategies.

1. Brainstorm ideas with teacher and peers.
2. Draw pictures to generate ideas.
3. Construct graphic organizers (e.g., webs, charts, diagrams) in a small or large group to organize information.
4. Use a variety of sources to gather information.

K.2.02 Write for a variety of purposes.

1. Write to acquire and exhibit knowledge (e.g., own name-first and last, letters, numbers).
2. Write to entertain (e.g., pictures, shared writing).
3. Write to inform (e.g., experience stories).

K.2.03 Show evidence of drafting and revision with written work.

1. Represent spoken language with illustrations and temporary and/or conventional spelling.
2. Write consonant-vowel-consonant words with teacher assistance.
3. Participate in teacher-led experience stories.
4. Add descriptive words and details.

K.2.04 Include editing before the completion of finished work.

1. Pause voluntarily in the midst of writing to interpret what has been written (tracking).
2. Self correct works in progress (e.g., pictures, shared writing).

K.2.05 Evaluate own and others’ writing.

1. Use a simple rubric to evaluate own writing/pictures and group work (e.g., happy face, stickers).
2. Discuss and react to writing.
3. Review personal collection to determine progress.

K.2.06 Experience numerous publishing opportunities.

1. Compose a variety of written works (e.g., published books, classroom books, experience stories).
2. Incorporate illustrations and/or photographs.
3. Make use of technology to publish writing.
4. Share orally completed work.

K.2.07 Write narrative accounts.

1. Participate in the creation of experience stories.
2. Express thoughts, feelings and experiences through illustrations, dictation or writing.

K.2.08 Write frequently across content areas.

1. Participate in shared writing about social studies.
2. Participate in shared writing about science.
3. Participate in shared writing about math.
4. Participate in shared writing about the arts and personal activities.

K.2.09 Write expressively using original ideas, reflections, and observations.

1. Write, when given time, place and materials.
2. Maintain, with teacher assistance, examples of writing and drawings that express opinions and judgments (e.g., portfolio, journals, student-made books).
3. Dictate stories (e.g., to tape recorder, to adult, to older student).

K.2.10 Write in response to literature.

1. Dictate a new ending to a story.
2. Use repetitive text to re-enact or retell stories.
3. Create a drawing, picture, sign or other graphic symbols to respond to literature.
4. Retell stories using illustrations.

K.2.11 Write in a variety of modes and genres.

1. Illustrate and/or write in journals (e.g., temporary/conventional spelling, series of pictures, and recognizable print).
2. Write friendly note using temporary/conventional spelling or with teacher assistance.

Elements of Language

K.3.01 Demonstrate knowledge of standard English usage.

1. Use correct grammatical constructions in own speech (e.g., "I will" rather than "Me will").
2. Use correct verb and verb tense in sentences when speaking (present and past).

K.3.02 Demonstrate knowledge of standard English mechanics.

1. Form legible upper and lower case letters.
2. Write from left to right and top to bottom.
3. Use appropriate capitalization when writing names.
4. Recognize ending punctuation marks for statements and questions.
5. Recognize capitalization at the beginning of sentences.
6. Trace and reproduce letters and words correctly.

K.3.03 Demonstrate knowledge of standard English spelling.

1. Attempt to spell simple words using pre- to early-phonetic knowledge, sounds of the alphabet, and knowledge of letter names.
2. Spell own first and last name.

K.3.04 Demonstrate knowledge of correct sentence structure.

1. Use complete and coherent simple sentences when speaking.
2. Use logical words and appropriate word order to complete sentences or to respond to questions.

Math Standards

Number and Operations

1. Count sets of objects up to 20;
2. Count by ones and tens to 50;
3. Count backward from 10 to 1;
4. Match quantities up to twenty with numerals;
5. Recognize equivalent sets of objects;
6. Write numerals up to twenty;
7. Represent quantities up to 20 on ten-frames;
8. Determine whether a figure has been divided in halves;
9. Name and identify coins and their values;
10. Order numbers less than 20;
11. Express the relationship between two numbers less than 20 using the words less than, more than, or equal to;
12. Identify the position of a whole number less than 20 on the number line;
13. Apply the language of ordinal numbers up to tenth.
14. Use pictures or objects, such as a ten frame, to show one more or one less than any number to 20;
15. Use manipulatives to develop strategies for addition and subtraction of whole numbers;
16. Use a variety of strategies to solve simple verbal story problems involving numbers 0 to 10.
17. Use words, actions, pictures, or manipulatives to solve problems;
18. Explain the reasonableness of a solution.

Algebra

1. Sort objects by color, size, shape, and kind;
2. Communicate using mathematical terms appropriately.
3. Identify patterns in the environment, in arrangements of objects, or in pictures;
4. Recognize and extend a concrete, visual, or auditory two- or three-part repeating pattern;
5. Create and describe a simple repeating pattern.
6. Use manipulatives or pictures to demonstrate addition and subtraction sentences written symbolically involving numbers 0 to 5;
7. Read and explain simple addition and subtraction number sentences written symbolically.

Geometry

1. Recognize and name circles, squares, triangles, and rectangles when shown in various positions;
2. Recognize examples of circles, squares, triangles, and rectangles in the environment and as faces of three-dimensional objects;
3. Recognize basic properties of and similarities and differences between simple geometric figures (e.g., number of sides, corners);
4. Create circles, squares, rectangles, and triangles;
5. Create structures using three-dimensional shapes;
6. Combine two-dimensional shapes to make pictures.
7. Use directional terms in a variety of situations (e.g., over, under, forward, backward, between, right, left).

Measurement

1. Demonstrate understanding of the concept of length;
2. Compare the length, weight, and capacity of two objects;
3. Use words to describe time (e.g., day, night, morning, afternoon, yesterday, today, tomorrow);
4. Use words to describe temperature (e.g., hot, warm, cool, cold).
5. Measure and estimate length using a variety of non-standard units;
6. Distinguish between light and heavy objects;
7. Tell time to the hour;
8. Recognize a thermometer as a way of measuring temperature;
9. Recognize a calendar as a way of measuring time.

Data Analysis and Probability

1. Represent and compare data using concrete objects, pictures, and simple graphs.
2. Describe events related to students’ experiences as likely or unlikely.

Social Studies

Culture

a) Recognize the differences among people in family units (i.e. physical characteristics, custom, culture)

b) Identify similarities and differences of family customs and traditions among cultures (i.e. transportation, games, food, clothes)

c) Contributions and values of cultures.

Economics

1. Identify basic needs
2. Compare and contrast jobs in the home, school and community (interdependence)
3. Distinguish between needs and wants.

Geography

1. Introduce maps and globes.
2. Use personal directions such as up, down, left, right, near and far to describe relative direction.
3. Locate places in community such as the student’s home and the classroom on the campus.
4. Identify human characteristics of places
5. Weather impacts daily life.
6. Describe seasons.

Governance and Civics

1. Recognize a person as a citizen of their country.
2. Understand that rules created protect an environment.
3. Family structures can change.
4. Identify authority figures; home, school and community.
5. Authority figures make and enforce rules.
6. Explain use of voting as decision-making.
7. Identify need for rules and fair treatment
8. Rules of safety.
9. Define Cooperation
10. Identify the Tennessee and U.S. flags.
11. Recite the Pledge of Allegiance.
12. Reasons for national patriotic holidays.

History

1. Define history as the story of our past.
2. Recall and illustrate personal history.
3. Change occurs over time in neighborhoods and communities.
4. Recognize family tree.
5. Develop a personal history.

Science Standards

Life Science

a) Assemble and take apart objects to determine that most things are made up of parts.

b) Observe what happens when an object is missing a part.

c) Sort things into living and non-living.

d) Identify the five senses.

e) Identify polluted areas (i.e. trash on campus).

f) Identify the basic needs of living things (i.e. food, water, sunlight and air).

g) Understand that organisms produce offspring that are similar to them.

h) Know that different organisms live in different environments.

Earth and Space Science

a) Identify objects that appear in the day and nighttime sky.

b) Classify pictures as being day or night.

c) Identify daily weather conditions, such as hot, cool, sunny, snowy and rainy.

d) Connect temperature and precipitation to various types of weather.

e) Recognize a variety of earth materials (e.g., rocks, pebbles, sand).

f) Classify objects as natural or manmade.

g) Distinguish between a variety of earth materials using their observable properties.

Physical Science

a) Demonstrate speeds and directions that an object can move.

b) Observe the interactions of magnets with other materials.

c) Identify things that are attracted to magnets.

d) Observe how things balance.

e) Observe how changing weight affects balanced objects.

f) Describe an object according to its properties (i.e. hard/soft and large/small).

g) Identify matter as solids or liquids.

h) Observe and describe the changes that can occur when two types of matter interact.

i) Identify the sun as the source of earth’s heat and light energy

j) Identify different sounds and sources

k) Classify sounds (i.e. loud/soft, natural/man-made)